Combined typewriting and computing machine



A. A. JOHNSON. COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COM-PUIING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17; I918. 1,332,342. Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

3QHEETS-SHEET I.

INVENTOR- M ATTOFEN EY.

WITNESSES /W :M m

A. A. JOHNSON.

COMBINED TYP'EWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 17, I9I8.

Patenfed Man. 2, 1920.

3 $HEEISSHEET 2.

ATT NEY.

WITNESSES A. QiOHNSON.

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHiNE.

APPLlCATlON FILED MAY 17, I918. Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3 1 INVENTOPU NEY.

WiTN ESSES= ATT' UNITED STATES OFFICE.

ARTHUR A. JOHNSON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGN OR TO UNDERWOOD COMPUTINGMACHINE COMPANY, .OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

COMBINED TYPEWRI' IING AND COMPUTING MACHINE.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 2, 1920.

Application filed May 17, 1918.' Serial No. 235,147.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR A. JOHNSON, a citizen of the United States,residing in borough of the Bronx, in the county of the Bronx, city andState of New York, have invented certain new and useful ImprovementsiIrCombined T'ypewriting and Computing Machines, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to combined type writing and computing machines,and more particularly to the kind which not only compute in verticalcolumns but also crosswise of said columns. It embodies features similarto those shown and described in my copending application Serial No,232,746, filed May 6, 1918.

This invention is shown as applied to a machine of the type in whichthere are provided two computing units, namely, a column-computing unitand a cross-computing unit. The column-computing unit usually comprisesa relatively stationary actuator, which is traversed by one or morecolumntotalizers, the latter having 'compwting' Wheels which are engagedseria-tim by a master wheel in said actuator. relative travel thecolumn-totalizers are secured to the typewriter carriage. Thecross-computing unit also has a relatively stationary actuator; and atotalizer, comprising computing wheels, is mounted on a sub-carriagewhich is picked up and caused to travel intermittently with thetypewriter carriage, so that the computing wheels may be engagedseriatim by the driving means of said actuator.

In such machines, the numbers written in difl'erent columns are computedadditively in the totalizers at the respective columns. It is, however,sometimes desired to compute the numbers written in one or more columnssubtractively in the cross-totalizer. This usually necessitates thereversing of the driving mechanism associated with the .cross-com-puterwhen the carriage enters such acomputing zone. This reversing of thedriving mechanism is usually accomplished by the shifting of gearsrelatively to each other. With thls method of reversing the drivingmechanism, the teeth of the' gears sometimes get out of alinement duringthe shifting of said gears, thus causing difficulty in connecting them.

An object of this invention is to provide For this wheel of thecolumn-computing unit. When the cross-totalizer is rendered efl'ectiveadditively, the computing wheels thereof are moved into eflectiverelation with one of the master wheels se'r'z'atc'm as the carriagepasses through the computing zone. This may be done by a projection on acolumn-stop of the typewriter carriage which engages with a pick-up hookextending from a train of pick-up mechanism connected to thecrosstotalizer. Y

If the cross-total-izer is to be ,rendered effective subtractively whenthe typewriter carriage passes through a computing zone, the pick-uphook is engaged 'by a projection on the column-stop which is offsetadistance equal to a half letter-space relative to the body of the stop,thus causing the compute ing wheels of the cross-totalizer to move topositions one-half letter-space to one side of the positions which theyoccupy when the cross-totalizer is rendered effective additively. Thecomputing wheels consequently are brought into effective relationsem'atz'm with the other master wheel associated with thecross-computing unit.

With this arrangement, it will be seen that in order to have thecross-totalizercompute either additively or subtractively, it is notnecessary to reverse the action of the driving mechanism for thecomputing wheels, but that. there are two master wheels provided whichare caused to rotate in opposite directions, and that the computingwheels may be moved into effective relation with either master wheel.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings,

Figure 1 is a side elevation of an Underwood typewriting machine,showing my invention applied thereto, some of the parts being brokenaway.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the machine.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary rear view, showing the pick-up mechanism for thecross totalizer. .The typewriter carriage in this figure is passingthrough a computing zone, with the cross-totalizer connected thereto.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary top view, showing the locking pawls for thesub-carriage or cross-computer carriage.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a portlon of the stop-bar, showing twocolumn-stops thereon, one being set so that it will act as an additionpick-up element, and the other being set so that it will act as asubtraction pick-up element. 3

I have shown my invention as applied to an Underwood machine, in whichalphabet keys 10 and numeral keys 11 swing keylevers 12 to rockbell-cranks 13 about a fulcrum rod 14, to swing type-bars 15 upwardlyand rearwardly about a fulcrum 16, to cause types 17 to strike againstthe front side of a platen 18. The platen 18 is mount-' ed on a carriage19 which travels on a front rail 20 and a rear rail 21.

For its letter-feeding movements, the carriage 19 is provided with arack-bar 22, which meshes with a pinion 23 to rotate the latter by meansof a springdrum 24 connected to the typewriter carriage. The pinion 23is connected to rotate an escapement wheel 25 by the usual pawls (notshown). Theescapement wheel 25 is provided with teeth 26, whichcoiiperate with a loose dog 27 and a fixed dog 28 on a dog-rocker 29,when the latter is vibrated by a universal bar .30 engaged by heels 15of the type-bars 15. The upper end of the dog-rocker is returned to itsforward or normal position by the usual springs (not shown).

The computing mechanism in part may be similar tothat shown in theapplication of Henry L. Pitman, Serial No. 186,098, filed August 14,1917.

The numeral keys 11 operate a master wheel 31 contained within a casing32, and

' for this purpose, each numeral key has secured thereto a cam plate 33.These cain plates 33 have cam-slots 34 which vary in shape with thenumeral keys, and when any numeral key is depressed its cam will strikeand swing a universal bail 35, which forms part of a differentiallyrocking frame 36. Said frame is given a differential motion by thevarious cams 33. These movements are transferred to the master wheel 31as follows: The bail 35, it will be noted, is at the bottom of themachine, whereas the master wheel 31 is near the top of the machine, andthe differential motion is carried from the bottom of the machine to thetep by a link 37 which is connected to the frame 36, so

I that the link is differentially vibrated by the depressions of thedifi'erent numeral keys.

The connections between the link 37 and the master wheel 31 may beidentical with those shown in the application of Pitman herein referredto, and include a rock-arm 38 to which the link 37 is pivotallyconnected, said rock-arm being fast to a rock shaft 40, which carries asecond rock-arm 41contained within the casing or actuator 32, with theresult that the vertical vibration of the link 37 rocks the rock-arm 41forwardly and rearwardly, so that a link 42, pivotally connectedthereto, will vibrate a rack bar 43, which engages a barrel pinion 44fixed to a gear 45 meshing with a pinion 46. Secured to one side of thepinion 46 is another pinion 47, which meshes with anddrives a pinion48.secured to a shaft 49 to which the master wheel 31 is secured, thusrotating the master wheel additively in a clockwise direction. Theconnections are such that the rack bar 43 normally engages the pinion44, and that depression of any numeral key will cause the rack bar todrive forwardly to an extent depending on the nu meral key depressed.

To transfer the number to dial wheels 50 of any one of a plurality ofcolumn-totalizers 51, the master wheel 31 operates said dial wheels 50sei'z'atim through gear wheels 52 and intermediate pinions 53'; eachpinion 53 meshing with a computing wheel 54 to form a connection with acarry-over Each swinging lever 56 is provided with a cam-facedprojection 60 to be struck by a v finger 61 on a shaft 62, so as toswing the idler coupling wheel clear of its computing wheel, said finger61 having at its inner end a pawl 63 which cotiperates with a rack 64 ona. computer carriage 65, which travels on a guide rail 66, thus lockingthe carriage against movement during a computin operation. Thetotalizers may be adjusta ly secured to the computer carriage in anyconvenient manner and travel relatively to the master wheel 31, so thatthe gear wheels 52 may be brought into coiiperative relation seriatz'mwith the master wheel as the typewriter earriage passes through acomputing zone. Y

To actuate the shaft 62 and thus render the finger 61 and the lockingpawl 63 efi'ec-- tive every time a number is transferred to 1 dialwheel.

vided with a cam 67, which engages a universal bar 68, forming part of abail 70, to swing the latter about its .pivot 71, during the early partof the depression of the key and prior to transferring the number to theThe bail 70'has an upwardly extending arm 72, which engages with adownwardly projecting arm 73 secured to the shaft 62 to rock the latterand thus actuate the finger 61 and pawl 63. Y

The master wheel 31 may be caused to rotate subtractively(counterclockwise). For this purpose the gear 45 may occupy twopositions, that ofaddition, Fig. 2, and that of subtraction. To set themechanism of the actuator 32 so that the master wheel 31 may be'rotatedsubtractively by the rack 43,,the barrel pinion 44 and the large gear 45are moved together rightwardly from the;

Fig. 2 position as a unit; the barrel pinion 44 being maintained inmeshing relation with the rack 43, while the gear 45 shifts fromengagement with the pinion 46 and into engagement with the pinion 48. Ifthe rack 43 is now actuated, the gear 45 will drive the pinion 48directly, and thus cause the master wheel to rotate subtractively. Toobtain this "shifting of the gear 45, a shaft 7 4, on which it issecured, is mounted for sliding movement in the direction of its length(Fig. 2). This shaft 74 is provided with a grooved collar 75 engaged andmoved by an arm 7 6 on a shaft 77, which is rocked through theintermediary of another arm 78 on the shaft; said arm 78 being swung byan arm 80 secured to a' shaft 81, which may form part of the bichromeshift mechanism common to Underwood typewriters. The forward end of saidshaft 77 is provided with a double key lever 82 having an addition key83 and a subtraction key 84 thereon,

' as shown in Fig. 2, the latter key being actuated to set the actuatorto subtraction. When it is again desired to compute additively, theaddition key 83 is actuated, thus setting the gear 45 back to the'Fig. 2p'osltion A suitable detent 85 may be provided to hold the mechanismcontrolled by the keys 83 and 84 in its shifted positions.

To rapidly position the carriage 19 and a column-totalizer 51 in acomputing zone, there is provided a series of tabulator keys 86, which,when depressed, swing levers 87 about a fulcrum 88 to move plungers 90against the tension of return springs 91, to bring the upper endsthereof into the path of column-stops 92 on a stop-bar'93 secured to thetypewriter carriage by brackets 94. The usual rack-releasing means (notshown in the drawings) may be actuated by any one of the plungers 90 toeffect the releasing of the typewriter carriage 19 by raising the rack22 out of engagement with the escape-' ment pinion 23 at the propertime. The usual spring drum 24, after the release of ten in severalcolumns.

the carriage, moves the carriage on its rails within an actuator 98. Themaster wheels 96 and 97 are caused to rotate in opposite directions, andmay be connected to the master wheel 31 of the column-computing unit tobe driven therewith by means which may comprise a suitable train ofmechanism extending from the master wheel 31, and including thehorizontal shaft 74, which,

through bevel gears 100 and 101, drives a vertical shaft 102, the latterbeing connected means of a gear 106 on the shaft 105 said' gear meshingwith an intermediate pinion 107 having a pinion 108 secured tothe sidethereof, the latter meshing with a pinion 109 fixed to a shaft 110 towhich the addition master wheel is also secured. Another gear 111 on theshaft 105 is provided to mesh with a pinion 112, which is like thepinion 108 but secured to a shaft 113 to which the subtraction masterwheel 97 is secured.- It will be seen that by thus connecting shaft 105with the master wheels 96 and 97, they may be rotated in oppositedirections.

The movements of the master wheels 96 and 97 may be transferred to thecross-totalizer 95, through the intermediary of a series of gear wheels114, to a series of dial wheels 115 contained within the cross-totalizer95. The cross-totalizer 95 may be adjustably mounted on a supporting baror cross-computer carriage 116, which may be intermittently connected(in a manner which 'will be presently described) to move with thetypewriter carriage 19 when any one of the column-totalizers 51 passesthrough a computingzone. To gulde the cross-computer carriage 116 in itstraveling movement, a suitable guide-rail 117 may be provided Thecross-totalizer 95 may be connected to be advanced and returned duringthe travel of the typewriter carriage by a horizontal .lever 118, whichmay be operated to rock 121 to form a connection between said levers.

V respectively.

has pivotally'connected thereto at its upper end a pick-up bar 123,which may be picked up by certain of the stops 92, which engage with ahook-like portion 124 on said bar 123 and move the bar step by step withthe advancing movement of'the carriage 19. This train of mechanism,including the parts 118, 121 and 123, may act in an advancing directionagainst the tension of a spring 125 (Fig.

to be computed additively in the crosstotalizer, the column-stop is soplaced that the addition lug 127 may engage with the pick-up bar 123.Thus, the gear wheels 114 of the cross-totalizer are brought intocooperative relation with the addition master wheel 96 sem'atz'm, as thetypewriter carriage passes through the computing zone. The

subtraction master wheel 97 at this time may i'rlttiateidly between theadjacent gear wheels When the numbers written in any column are to becomputed subtractively in the cross-totalizer, the column-stop is soadjusted in that column that the subtraction lug 128 thereof may engagewith the pick-up bar. It will be seen that the subtraction lug 128 isoffset a distance equal to half a letterspace relative to the additionlug 127 which is in alinement with the body of the columnstop 92. Thus,when the pick-up bar is engaged by a subtraction lug, the gear wheels114 of the cross-totalizer 95 will be moved sem'atz'm into effectiverelation with the subtotalizer during computing operations, I

have preferably provided two racks 130 and 131, which may be engaged bypawls 132', 133, When the cross-totalizer is rendered effectiveadditively and a number is transferred to the dial wheel 115, the pawl132 is caused to engage between the teeth of its associated rack 130.This is done by the arm 134 projecting rearwardly from the rock shaft 62which carries the locking pawl their associated 63 for thecolumn-computer carriage 65. Said arm 134 is connected by means of alink 135 to a similar arm 136 projecting rearwardly from a shaft 137 torock the latter, and, through the intermediary of springs 138 and 139,to swing pawls 132 and 133, respectively. The pawl 133, however, willstrike on the teeth of its associated rack bar-131, and thus beprevented from entering between the teeth which are staggered relativelyto the teeth of the rack 130. WVith this rack-and-pawl construction, theteeth can be at least a letter-space distance apart, although thecross-totalizer may be held at intervals equal to one-half letter-spacedis tances apart.

When, however, the cross-totalizer is rendered effective subtractively,the pawl 133 during computing operations is caused to engage between theteeth of its associated I rack 131, while the pawl 132 will strike idlyon the teeth of its associated rack and cause its associated spring 138to be flexed.

The springs 138 and 139 associated with the pawls 132 and 133 arenormally under no tension, Fig. 1, but may be tensioned by be ing movedin eitherdirection. The free ends of said springs may be connected toawls in any convenient manner, and in this way the springs may assist inretracting the pawls from between the teeth .of their associated racks,should there be any tendency for said pawls to stick therebetween, thepawls being loosely mounted on the shaft 137.

A finger 140, similar to the finger 61, may

'that described for the column-totalizer 51.

It may be desired at times to reverse the direction of rotation of themaster wheels 96 and 97, so that the addition master wheel may subtractand the subtraction master wheel may add. This may be desired for thepurpose of making corrections, as, for example, if, after thecolumn-totalizer has traversed the computing zone, the operativediscovers an error in the number written. To correct this error, theoperative reverses the direction of rotation of the master wheels andpermits the totalizer to again traverse the computing zone, while theerroneous number is again typed, but at this time it'causes a reversecomputation, thus clearing. the totalizer of the erroneously computednumber.

To reverse the direction of rotation of the master wheels 96, 97, Fig.2, the subtraction key 84 may be actuated, thus causing the shaft 74 toslide lengthwise to take the beveled gear 100 out of mesh with the gearwheel 101 on the vertical shaft 102, and cause a gear wheel 141 securedto the shaft 74 to mesh with the gear wheel 101. Thus, if the shaft 74is now rotated, the shafts 102 and 105 will be rotated in a reversedirection; consequently, the master wheels 96and 97, geared to the shaft105, will also be rotated in a reverse direction. It will be seen thatwhen the gear wheel 141 is shifted into meshing relation with the gearwheel 101, the gear wheel 45 will also be shifted and brought intomeshing relation with the pinion 4-8, thus reversing the direction ofrota-- tion of the master wheel 31 of the columncomputing unit, andconsequently causing the erroneously written number when typed again tobe also taken out of the columntotalizer 51.

It will be understood that the columntotalizers and the cross-totalizermay be alike in construction, and that they may be of any convenientform in which there is a relative traveling movement between thetotalizer and the master wheel. It should also be understood that thedriving mechanism for the master wheels may be of any con-- Venientform,*but preferably as shown and described in the drawings.

Variations may be resorted to within the scope of the invention, andportions of the improvement may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. The combination with a typewriter carriage,of across-totalizer, andmeans to cause said cross-totalizer to travel intermittently with saidtypewriter carriage, said means comprising displaced adjustable deviceson said typewriter carriage which determine whether said cross-totalizershould be rendered eifective additively or subtra'ctively.

2. The combination with a typewriter carriage, of a plurality ofcolumntotalizers adapted to travel therewith, driving means for saidcolumn-totalizers, a cross-totalizer, pick-up means to cause saidcross-totalizer to travel intermittently with said typewriter carriage,driving means for said cross-totalizer, and a train of mechanismextending to the latter from the driving means associated with thecolumn-totalizers, said pick-up means comprising displaced adjustabledevices on said carriage which cause the crosstotalizer to be renderedeifeetive additively or subtractively.

3. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination witha typewriter carriage and a reeiprocatory computing element, of a pairof master wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby said keysturn simultaneously in opposite directions, and a pick-up mechanism forsaid reciprocatory computing element including means for bringingdifferent master wheels into use in different computing zones.

4. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination witha typewriter carriage and a jumping totalizer the master wheels.

or element, of a pair of master wheels, 2. set of numeral keys,connections whereby said keys turn the master wheels simultaneously inopposite directions, a pick-up mechanism for said totalizer includingmeans for bringing different master wheels into use in differentcomputing zones; said means including a rack, and lugs adjustable onsaid rack, certain of said lugs having ofl'set portions, and a hookdevice to engage said lugs and connected with said jumping totalizer.

5. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination witha typewriter carriage and a jumping totalizer or element, of a pair ofmaster wheels, a set of numeral keys, a pick-up mechanism for saidtotalizer including means for bringing different master wheels into usein different computing zones, a valuating mechanism operable by saidkeys and connected to one of said master wheels, and a reversing deviceconnecting said valuating mechanism to the other of said master wheels.

6. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination witha typewriter carriage and a jumping totalizer or element, of a pair ofmaster wheels, a set of numeral keys, a pickup mechanism for saidtotalizer including means for bringing different master wheels into usein different computing zones, a. valuating mechanism operable by saidkeys and connected to one of said master wheels, and a reversing deviceconnecting said valuating mechanism to the other of said master wheels;said master wheels being placed closely side by side to permit eitherone to turn idly between the adjacent computing wheels, while the otheris operating one of said computing wheels.

7. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination witha typewriter carriage and a jumping totalizer or element, of a pair ofmaster wheels, a set of numeral keys. connections whereby the masterwheels when actuated will turn simultaneously in opposite directions, apickup mechanism for said totalizer or element, including means forbringing different master wheels into use in different computmasterwheels when actuated will turn simultaneously in opposite directions, apickup mechanism for said totalizer or element, including means forbringing diii'erentmaster wheels into use in different computing zones,a valuating mechanism operable by said keys and connected to one of saidmaster wheels, said master wheels placed closely side by side to permiteither one to turn idly between the adjacent computing wheels, while theother is engaged with one of said computing wheels, a columntotalizer, areversible master wheel therefor, and means for reversing at will therotation of all of said master wheels simultaneously.

9. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination witha typewriter carriage and a umping totahzer or element, of a pair ofmaster wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby the masterwheels when actuated will turn simultaneously in opposite directions, apick up mechanism for said totalizer including means for bringingdifferent master wheels into use in difi'erent computing zones, saidmeans includinga rack cooperative with said carriage, lugs adjustable onsaid rack, certain of said lugs having ofiset portions, a hook device toengage said lugs and con nected with said jumping totalizer, a valuatingmechanism operable by said keys and connected to one of said masterwheels, said master wheels being placed closely side by side to permiteither one to turn idlv between the adjacent computing wheels, while theother is engaged with one of said computing wheels, and arack-and-dogmechanism for accurately positioning the jumping totalizeror element at every computing operation.

10. In a combined typewriting and computing machine. the combinationwith a typewriter carriage and a jumping totalizer or element, of a pairof master wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby the masterwheels when actuated will turn simultaneously in opposite directions, apickup mechanism for said totalizer including means for brin ingdifl'erent master wheels into use in ditierent computing zones. saidmeans including a rack cooperative with said carriage, lugs adjustableon said rack, certain of said lugs ha 'ing offset portions, a hookdevice to engage said lugs and connected with said jumping totalizer, avaluating mechanism operable by said keys and connected to one of saidmaster wheels, said master wheels being placed closely side by side topermit either one to turn idly between the adjacent computing wheels,while the other is engaged with one of said computing wheels, and arack-and-do-gmccha- [nism for accurately positioni zaiftzer or elementevery comput messes operation, said rackand-dog-mechanism including apair of dogs, one of which is et tective only at the adding operation,and the other of which is effective only at the subtraction operation.

11. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a typewriter carriage and a jumping totalizer or element, of a pairof master wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby the masterwheels when actuated will turn simultaneously in opposite directions, apickup mechanism for said totalizer including means for bringingdifi'erent master wheels into use in different computing zones, saidmeans including a rack cooperative with said carriage, lugs adjustableon said rack, and certain of said lugs having offset por tions, a hookdevice to en age said lugs and connected with said jumplng totalizer,valuating mechanism operable by said keys and connected to one of saidmaster wheels, said master wheels being placed closely side by side topermit either one to turn idly between the adjacent computing wheels,while the other is engaged with one of said computing wheels, and arack-and-dog-mechanism for accurately positioning the jumping totalizeror element at every computing operation, said rack-and-dog-mechanismincluding a pair of dogs, one of which is effective only at the addingoperation, and the other of which is effective only at the subtractionoperation, a spring device being provided for engaging thedog-and-rack-devices.

12. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination,with a typewriter carriage and a jumping totalizei or element, of a pairof master wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby the masterwheels when actuated will turn simultaneously in opposite directions, apickup mechanism for said totalizer including means for bringingdifferent master wheels into use in, difi'erent computing zones, saidmeans including a rack cooperative with said carriage, lugs adjustableon said rack, certain of said lugs having offset portions, a hook deviceto engage said. lugs and connected with said umping totalizer, avaluating mechanism operable by said keys and connected to one of saidmaster wheels, said master wheels being placed closely side by side topermit either one to turn idly be tween the adjacent computing wheels,while the other is engaged with one of said conij:

puting wheels, and'a, rack-and-dogmechanism t'or accurately positioningthe jumping totalizer or element at every computing operation, saidraek-and-dog-mechanism including a pair of dogs, one of which is tectiveonly at the adding operation, and other oi which 1s eii ective only 2 t.traction operation, means being p for automatically engaging anddisengaging the dog-and-rack devlces.

13. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a typewriter carriage and a jumping'totalizer or element, of a pairof master wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby the masterwheels when actuated will turn simultaneously in opposite directions, aplckup mechanism for said totalizer including means for bringingdifferent master wheels int-o use in different computing'zones, saidmeans including a rack cooperative with said carriage, lugs adjustableon said rack, certain of said lugs having offset portions, a hook deviceto engage said lugs and connected with said jumping totalizer, avaluating mechanism operable by said keys and connected to one of saidmaster wheels, said master wheels being placed closely side by side topermit either one to turn idly between the adjacent computing wheels,while the other is engaged with one of said computing wheels, and a.rack-and-dog-mechanism for accurately positioning the jumping totalizeror element at every computing operation, said rack-and-dog mechanismincluding a pair of dogs, one of which is effective only at the addingoperation, and the other of which is effective only at the subtractionoperation, places being provided whereby the depression of any keyeffects cooperation of the rack-and-dog elements.

ll. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a typewriter carriage and a jumping totalizer or element, of a pairof master wheels, a set of numeral keys, a pickup mechanism for saidtotalizer or element, including means for bringing different masterwheels into use in different computing zones, said pickup mechanismsincluding a rack co-operative with said carriage. lugs adjustable onsaid rack, certain of said lugs having offset portions, a hook device toengage said lugs andconnected with said jumping totalizer, a valuatingmechanism operable by said keys nd connected to one of said masterwheels, a reversing mechanism driven by said valuating mechanismconnected to the other of said master wheels, said master wheels beingplaced closely side by side to permit either one to turn idly betweenadjacent computing wheels, while the other is driving one of saidcomputing wheels, a column-totalizer, a reversible master wheeltherefor, means for reversing at will the direction of rotation of allof said master wheels simultaneously, and a rack-and-dog-mechanism foraccurately positioning the jumping totalizer at the computing operation,said rack-and-dogaiiechanism including a pairof dogs, one of which iseffective, only at the adding operation, and the other of Which iseffective only at the subtraction operation; a spring device beingprovided for engaging the dog-and-rack-devices; means being. providedwhereby the depression of any key effects cooperation of therack-anddog-devices.

15. In a combined typewriting and com puting machine, the combination ofa pair of master wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby saidkeys turn the mas ter wheels simultaneously in opposite directions, anda pick-up mechanism including means for bringing different master wheelsinto use automatically in different compu ing zones.

16. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination ofa pair of master wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby saidkeys turn the Inaster wheels simultaneously in opposite directions, anda pick-up mechanism including means for bringing different master wheelsinto use automatically in different computing zones, said meansincluding half-spaced lugs.

17. In a combined typewriting and computing mahine, the combination of apair of master wheels, a set of numeral keys, connections whereby saidkeys turn the master wheels simultaneously in opposite directions, apick-up mechanism including means for bringing different master wheelsinto use automatically in different computing zones, said meansincluding half-spaced lugs, and a hook device to engage said half-spacedlugs and cooperating withsaid master wheels.

18. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combination ofa pair of'master wheels. a set of numeral keys, connections whereby saidkeys turn the master wheels simultaneously in opposite directions, apick-up mechanism including means for bringing different master wheelsinto use automatically in different computing zones, said meansincluding half-spaced lugs, and ahook device to engage said halfspacedlugs and cooperating with said master wheels, said master wheels placedclosely side by side to permit either one to turn idly between theadjacent computing wheels, while the other is engaged with one of saidcomputing wheels.

19. The combination of a carriage, a cross-totalizer adapted to travelintermittently with said carriage, said totalizer comprising computingwheels, an actuator therefor, said actuator comprising two masterwheels, one for addition and one for subtraction, and means forautomatically rendering said cross-totalizer effectiveeither additivelyr subtractively.

20. The combination of a carriage, a cross-totalizer comprisingcomputing wheels, an actuator therefor, said actuator comprising twodriving elements, and means including column-stops on said carriage forautomatically rendering said cross-totalizer effective, eitheradditively or subtractively, relative to said driving elements.

21. The combination of a cross-totalizer, a typewriter carriage, meansto cause said totalizer to travel intermittently with said carriage whenthe latter passes through a computing zone, two master Wheels for saidtotalizer, said master wheels being adapted to rotate inoppositedirections, and means on said typewriter carriage to cause saidtotalizer to traverse the computing zone either additively orsubtractively. p

22. The combination of a cross-totalizer, a typewriter carriage, asub-carriage for said cross-totalizer, means to cause said subcarriageand totalizer to travel intermittently with said typewriter carriagewhen the latter passes through a computing Zone, two master wheels forsaid totalizer, said master wheels being adapted to rotate in oppositedirections, and means on said typewriter carriage to cause saidtotalizer to traverse the computing zone either additively orsubtractively.

23. The combination of a cross-totalizer comprising computing wheels, anactuator therefor, said actuator comprising two master wheels, one foraddition and one for subtraction, and means for automatically renderingsaid crosstotalizer efi'ective either additively or subtractively,including column-stops on the typewriter carriage efi'ective to bringthe computing wheels into effective relation seriatim' with one of saidmaster wheels during an additive computation, and other column-stops onsaid typewriter carriage to bring said computing wheels into effectiverelation withthe other mast-er wheel seriat'm when a subtractivecomputation is taking place.

24. The combination of a cross-totalizer comprising computing wheels, anactuator therefor, said actuator comprising two master wheels, one foraddition and one for subtraction, and means for automatically renderingsaid cross-totalizer effective either additively or subtractively,including column-stops on the typewriter carriage effec tive to bringthe computing wheels into effective relation seriaz'rim with one of saidmaster wheels during an additive computation, other column-stops on saidtypewriter carriage to bring said'computing wheels into effectiverelation .with the other master wheel seriazfim when a subtractivecomputation is taking place, and means to cause each of said masterwheels to be reversely rotate-d.

525. The combination of a typewriter cariage, a crosstotalizercomprising computng wheels, two relatively fixed master wheels placedadjacent each ot l, nu-

meral keys, means controlled loy said numeral keys to cause said masterwheels to rotate in opposite directions so that addition may be erformedby one master wheel and subtraction by the other master wheel, pickupmeans to cause said cross-totalizer to t 'avel intermittently with saidtypewriter carriage, and column-stops on said typewriter carriage, saidcolumn-stops having addition lugs and subtraction lugs thereon adaptedto engage with said pick-up means, to render said totalizer effectiveeither additively or subtractively.

26. The combination of a cross-totalizer comprising computing wheels, atypewriter carriage, two relatively fixed master wheels placed adjacentto each other, numeral keys, means controlled by said numeral keys tocause said master wheels to rotate in opposite directions so thataddition may be performed by one master wheel and subtraction by theother master wheel, pick-up means to cause said cross-totalizer totravel intermittently with said typewriter carriage, and columnstops onsaid typewriter carriage, said column-stops having addition lugs andsubtraction lugs thereon adapted to engage with said pick-up means, eachaddition lug being in alinement with the body of its associatedcolumn-stop and effective to bring the computing wheels into ell'ectiverelation with the addition master wheel, each subtraction lug beingodset relatively to the body of its associated column-stop an amountequal to the distance from the center of one master wheel to the centerof the other master wheel,

27. The combination of a totalizer, a car-' riage, numeral lreys, saidtotalizer comprising computing wheels, (so-axially mounted masterwheels, mechanism between said numeral keys and said master wheels torotate said master wheels in opposite directions, one for addition andone for subtraction, means to cause said totalizer to traverse thecomputing zone either additively or subtractively, andmanually-controlled means for changing the connections of the mechanismbetween said keys and said master wheels to reverse the direction ofrotation of said master wheels, so that the addition master wheel may berotated suhtractively and the subtraction wheel may he rotatedadditively.

28. The combination of a totalizer, a can riage, numeral keys, saidtotalizer comprising computing wheels, co-axial master -wheels,mechanism-between said numeral keys and said master wheels to rotatesaid master wheels in opposite directions, one for addition and one forsubtraction, means to cause said totalizer to traverse the computi son seither additively or suhtractivcly,

anally-controlled means for changing the motions of the mechanismbetween said "lOtl keys and said master wheels to reverse the directionof rotation of said master wheels, so that the addition master wheel maybe rotated subtractively and the subtraction master wheel may be rotatedadditively, and

a column-computing unit comprising a totalizer and a master wheel, saidmaster wheel being driven by said keys, and said manually-controlledmeans being also effective to reverse the direction of rotation of saidlast-mentioned master wheel.

29. The combination of a totalizer comprising computing wheels, acarriage with which said totalizer is adapted to travel, and anactuatorfor said totalizer, said actuator comprising a main shaft, twogears on said main shaft, two master wheels, and two individual shafts,one for each master wheel, each shaft having a pinion thereon, one ofsaid pinions meshing directly with one of said gears, the other pinionbeing geared to the other gear by means of an intermediate pinion.

30. The combination of av carriage, a cross-totalizer adapted to travelintermit tently with said carriage, said totalizer comprising computingwheels, an actuator therefor, said actuator comprising drivingmechanism, means for automatically rendering said totalizer e'ifectiveeither additively or subtractively, and locking means comprising twopawls, one of said pawls being rendered effectively while the totalizerpasses additively through a computing zone, the other pawl beingrendered effective when said totalizer passes subtractively through thecomputing zone.

v31. The combination of a carriage, a cross-totalizer adapted to travelintermittently with said carriage, said totalizer comprising computingwheels, an actuator therefor, said actuator comprising drivingmechanism, means for automatically rendering said totalizer effectiveeither additively or subtractively, locking means comprising two pawls,one of said pawls being rendered effective while the totalizer passesadditively through a computing zone, the other pawl being renderedeffective when said totalizer passes subtrac-tively through thecomputing zone, said pawls being loosely mounted on a rock-shaft,springs on said rock-shaft having a yielding connection with said pawls,and a rack member with which said pawls may effectively engage one at atime.

32. The combination of a typewriter carriage, a cross-totalizercomprising computing wheels, an actuator therefor, said actuatorcomprising two master wheels, one for addition and one for subtraction,means for automatically rendering said cross-totalizer effective eitheradditively or subtractively, including column-stops on the typewritercarriage effective to bring the computing wheels into effective relationsevdatz'm with one of said master wheels during an additive computation,other column-stops on said typewriter carriage to bring said computingwheels into effective relation with the other masterwheel serz'atim whena subtractive computation is taking place, a rack member, and two pawls,said pawls engaging one at a time between the teeth of said rack member,one during the additive computation, the other during a subtractivecomputation.

33. The combination of a typewriter carriage, a cross-totalizercomprising computing wheels, a cross-totalizer carriage, two relativelyfixed master wheels placed adjacent to each other, numeral keys, meanscontrolled by said numeral keys to cause said master wheels to rotate inopposite directions, so that addition may be performed by one masterwheel and subtraction by the other master wheel, pick-upmeans to causesaid cross-totalizer carriage to travel intermittently with saidtypewriter carriage, column-stops on said typewriter carriage, saidcolumn-stops engaging with said pick-up means to render said totalizerefi'ectiVe I either additively or subtractively, and locking meanscomprising a rack member on said cross-totalizer carriage and two pawls,said awls being under the control of said keys, one of said vpawls beingrendered effective while the totalizer passes additively through acomputing zone, the other pawl being rendered efiective when thetotalizer passes subtractively through the computing zone.

34. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a typewriter carriage, of a cross-totalizer, mechanism foractuating said cross-totalizer when the latter travels past the former,and means to cause said cross-totalizer to travel with said carriagewhen the totalizer is passing through computing zones, including meansto vary the letter-space positions assumed by the cross-totalizer inpassing through a computing zone, and thereby to determine whether saidtotalizer is to be effective additively or subtractively.

35. In a combined typewriting and computing machine, the combinationwith a typewriter carriage, of column-totalizers traveling therewith,driving means for said column-totalizers, a cross-totalizer, drivingmeans adapted to operate said cross-totalizer additively orsubtractively, a train of mechanism extending to the latter from thedriving means for said column-totalizers, and pick-up means whereby saidcarriage may effect a relative traveling movement between saidcross-totalizer and the driving means therefor, said pick-up meanscompris- "ing settable devices to determine additive or subtractiveoperation of said cross-totalizer.

36. In a computing machine, the combination with a totalizer havingcomputing wheels at letter-space intervals, of two 00- axial masterwheels spaced at half a letterspaee interval, connections between saidmaster wheels to cause simultaneous rotation thereof in oppositedirections, and means effecting a relative step-by-step letterspacemovement between said totalizer and said master wheels, to bring eitherof said master wheels and successive wheels of said totalizer intoalinement, the additive or subtractive character of the computationbeing determined by the master wheel in effective relation with saidcomputing wheels in such step-by-step movement.

37. In a typewriting and computing ma chine, the combination with atraveling carriage, of a cross-totalizer, mechanism for actuating saidcross-totalizer, and carriageactnated pickup means to cause a relative,

step-by-step letter-space movement of said totalizer and said actuatingmechanism past each other, including means "for varying the letter-spacepositions oi? said totalizer and said actuating mechanism relatively toeach other. and thereby determining additive or subtractive operation ofsaid totalizer,

ARTHT R A. JOHNSON Witnesses M. E. Miami. Jnxxm P. 'lnomvn.

